Continuance
1、 Dipsacus asper pharmacopoeia standard       . Excavate in autumn, remove the root heads and fibrous roots, bake them with low fire until they are half dry, stack them until they turn green, and then dry them.
      [properties] this product is cylindrical, slightly flat, some slightly curved, 5-15cm long, 0.5-2cm in diameter. The surface is grayish brown or yellowish brown, with slightly twisted or obviously twisted longitudinal wrinkles and grooves, and horizontal lenticel like spots and a few fibrous root marks can be seen. It is soft, hard after long-term storage, easy to break, with uneven section, dark green or brown skin, brown or light brown outer edge, yellowish brown wood, and radial arrangement of duct bundles. It is slightly fragrant and tastes bitter, slightly sweet and then astringent.
      [identification] (1) cross section of this product: cork cell sequence. The inner layer of the bolt is narrow. Phloem sieve tube groups are sparse. The cambium ring is obvious or not obvious. . The pith is small, and the fine roots are mostly unmyelinated. Parenchyma cells contain calcium oxalate clusters.
      Powder yellowish brown. . The spindle shaped parenchyma cell wall is slightly thick, with oblique staggered fine texture. The diameter of the marginal pit duct and reticulate duct is about 72 (90) μ m, the cork cells are light brown, and the surface is quasi rectangular, quasi square, polygonal or long polygonal, and the wall is thin.
      (2) Take 3G powder of this product, add 4ml concentrated ammonia test solution, mix well, place for 1 hour, add 30ml trichloromethane, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, use 30ml hydrochloric acid solution (4 → 100) to shake and extract the filtrate in several times, adjust the pH value of the extract to 10 with concentrated ammonia test solution, and then use 20ml trichloromethane to shake and extract in several times, combine the trichloromethane solution, and concentrate to 0.5ml as the test solution. Another 3G of Dipsacus Dipsacus reference medicinal material was prepared into the reference medicinal material solution by the same method. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 μ l of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use ether acetone (1:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and spray with improved bismuth potassium iodide test solution. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots of the same color appear on the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material.
      (3) Take 0.2g of this product powder, add 15ml of methanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 2ml of methanol to dissolve the residue as the test solution. In addition, take the reference substance of Dipsacus asperoides Ⅵ and add methanol to make a solution containing 1mg per 1ml as the reference solution. According to the test of thin-layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5 μ l each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use the upper solution of n-butanol acetic acid water (4:1:5) as the developing agent, develop, take out, air dry, spray 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution, heat until the spots are clear. In the chromatogram of the test sample, spots with the same color appear at the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control sample.
      [check] moisture   Not more than 10.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
      Total ash   Not more than 12.0% (general rule 2302).
      Acid insoluble ash   Not more than 3.0% (general rule 2302).
      [extract] according to the hot leaching method under the determination method of water-soluble extract (general rule 2201), it shall not be less than 45.0%.
      [content determination] determine according to HPLC (general rule 0512).
      ; Octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; Acetonitrile water (30:70) was used as mobile phase; The detection wavelength was 212nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 3000 according to the peak of asperosaponin VI.
      Preparation of reference solution   Take an appropriate amount of Dipsacus asperoides Ⅵ reference substance, accurately weigh it, and add methanol to make a solution containing 1.5mg per 1ml. Accurately measure 1ml, put it into a 10ml measuring bottle, add mobile phase to dilute to the scale, shake well, and then get it.
      Preparation of test solution   Take about 0.5g of the fine powder of this product, accurately weigh it, place it in a corked conical flask, precisely add 25ml of methanol, close the stopper, weigh it, sonicate (power 100W, frequency 40KHz) for 30 minutes, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with methanol, shake it well, filter it, accurately measure 5ml of the continuous filtrate, place it in a 50ml measuring flask, add mobile phase to dilute it to the scale, shake it well, and then get it.
      Assay   Precisely suck 20 μ l of the reference solution and 20 μ l of the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
      .
      Decoction pieces
      [processing] wash, moisten, cut thick pieces, and dry them.
      This product is a thick round or oval shaped piece. . The skin of the cut surface is dark green or brown, and the wood is grayish yellow or yellowish brown. Radially arranged duct bundles can be seen, and there are many dark rings in the cambium. It tastes bitter, slightly sweet and astringent.
      [content determination] the content of Dipsacus asper saponin VI (c47h76o18) in the same medicinal material shall not be less than 1.5%.
      [identification] (except the cross-sectional surface) [inspection] [extract] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      Wine Dipsacus   Take the pieces and stir fry them according to the wine roasting method (general rule 0213) until they are slightly black.
      This product is shaped like a continuous fragment, with a light black or grayish brown surface and a slight wine aroma.
      [content determination] the content of Dipsacus asper saponin VI (c47h76o18) in the same medicinal material shall not be less than 1.5%.
      [identification] (except the cross-sectional surface) [inspection] [extract] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      ; Take the pieces and fry them according to the salt roasting method (general rule 0213).
      This product is shaped like a continuous fragment, with a dark brown surface and a slightly salty taste.
      [content determination] the content of Dipsacus asper saponin VI (c47h76o18) in the same medicinal material shall not be less than 1.5%.
      [identification] (except the cross-sectional surface) [inspection] [extract] is the same as that of medicinal materials.
      . Return to liver and kidney channels.
      [functions and indications] tonify liver and kidney, strengthen muscles and bones, continue to break and stop metrorrhagia and leakage. It is used for liver and kidney deficiency, waist and knee soreness, rheumatism and arthralgia, falling and flapping injury, tendon injury and fracture, metrorrhagia and fetal leakage. Dipsacus Dipsacus is mostly used for rheumatic arthralgia, falling and flapping injury, tendon injury and fracture. Salt Dipsacus is mostly used for the waist and knees.
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      [storage] store in a dry place to prevent moths.


2、 Chemical constituents of Dipsacus asper
Iridoid glycosides in the roots of Rhizoma Drynariae from Sichuan Province:Swertide（swero-side）， Loganin, cantleyoside [1]; Triterpene saponins: akebiasaponin D, namely 3-o- α - l-arabinopyranosyl Ivy saponin-28-o - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 6) - β - d-glucopyranoside [akebiasaponin D, 3-o- α -l-arabinopyranosylhederagenin-28-o- β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 6) - β - d-glucopyranoside], 3-O - (4-o-acetyl) - α - l-arabinopyranosyl Ivy saponin-28-o - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 6) - β - d-glucopyranoside [3-O (4-o-acetyl) - α - l-arabinopyranosylhederagnin-28-o - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 6) - β - d-glucopyranoside] [1, 2, 3-O - α - l-arabinopyranosyloleanolic acid-28-o - β - d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 6) - β - d-glucopyranoside [3-O - α - l-arabinopyranosyloleanolic Acid-28-o - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 6) - β - d-glucopyranoside][2], 3-O - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 3) - α - l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 2) - α - l-arabinopyranosyl Ivy saponin-28-o - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 6) - β - d-glucopyranoside [3-O - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 3) - α - l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 2- α - l-ara-binopyranosylhederagenin-28-o- β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 6) - β - d-glucopyranoside], 3-O - α - l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 3) - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 3) - α - l-rhamnopyranoside (1 → 2) - α - l-arabinosyl Ivy saponin-28-o - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 6) - β - d-glucopyranoside [3-O - α - l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 3) - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 3) - α - l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 2) α - l-arabin opyranosylhederagenin-28-o β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 6) - β - d-glucopyranoside][3], 3-O - β - d-xylopyranosyl (1 → 4) - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 4) - α - l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 3) - β - D-glucopyranosyl (1 → 3) - α - l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 2) - α - l-arabinopyranosyl Ivy sapogenin

3、
1. anti vitamin E deficiency: experiments in mice and chickens have proved that Dipsacus asper has the effect of anti vitamin E deficiency.
2. hemostatic and analgesic effects: it can discharge pus, stop bleeding, relieve pain and promote tissue regeneration for carbuncle and ulcer.