Red ginseng
1、 Pharmacopoeia standard of red ginseng       This product is the dried roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng C. A. mey., a plant of Araliaceae, after steaming. Excavate in autumn, wash, steam and dry.
      [character]   The main root is spindle shaped, cylindrical or oblate square columnar, 3 ～ 10cm long and 1 ～ 2cm in diameter. The surface is translucent, reddish brown, with occasional opaque dark yellowish brown patches, with longitudinal grooves, wrinkles and fine root marks; The upper part sometimes has intermittent and indistinct ring pattern; There are 2-3 twisted and crossed roots with curved fibrous roots or only fibrous root remnants in the lower part. The rhizome (reed head) is 1 ~ 2cm long, with several concave stem marks (reed bowl), and some have 1 ~ 2 intact or broken adventitious roots (crowns). It is hard and brittle, with flat section and horny appearance. The smell is slightly fragrant and special, and the taste is sweet and slightly bitter.
      [identification] (1) according to the test of [identification] (1) under ginseng, the other characteristics should be the same except for the blurred gelatinization profile of starch granules.
      (2) According to the [identification] (2) test under ginseng, the same results should be shown.
      [check]   The moisture content shall not exceed 12.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
      [content determination]   Determine according to high-performance liquid chromatography (general rule 0512).
      Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test   ; ; The detection wavelength was 203nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 6000 according to the ginsenoside Rg1 peak.
    ---------------------------------------
      Time (minutes)     Mobile phase a (%)       Mobile phase B (%)
    ---------------------------------------
     0～35            19            81   
    35～55          19→29        81→71  
    55～70            29            71   
    70～100         29→40        71→60 
    ---------------------------------------
      Preparation of reference solution   Take ginsenoside Rg1 control sample, ginsenoside Re control sample and ginsenoside Rb1 control sample respectively, add methanol to make a mixed solution containing 0.5mg ginsenoside Rg1, 0.3mg ginsenoside Re and 0.5mg ginsenoside Rb1 per 1ml.
      Preparation of test solution   . Accurately measure 25ml of the secondary filtrate, evaporate it in an evaporating dish, dissolve the residue with methanol, transfer it to a 5ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the scale, shake well, filter, and take the secondary filtrate.
      Assay   Precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 ～ 20 μ l of the test solution respectively, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
      The total content of Ginsenoside Rg1 (c42h72o14) and ginsenoside Re (c48h82o18) shall not be less than 0.25% and ginsenoside Rb1 (c54h92o23) shall not be less than 0.20% according to the calculation of dried product.
        Decoction pieces
      [processing]   Moisten thoroughly, slice, dry, smash or mash when used.
      Red ginseng tablets this product is quasi circular or oval thin. The outer skin is reddish brown and translucent. The cut surface was flat and horny. It is hard and brittle. The smell is slightly fragrant and special, and the taste is sweet and slightly bitter.
      ; The total amount of Ginsenoside Rg1 (c42h72o14) and ginsenoside Re (c48h82o18) in the same medicinal material shall not be less than 0.22%, and ginsenoside Rb1 (c54h92o23) shall not be less than 0.18%.
      [identification] [inspection]   Same as medicinal materials.
      [sexual pain and meridian tropism]   Sweet, slightly bitter, warm. Return to spleen, lung, heart and kidney meridians.
      [function and indications]   It can greatly invigorate vital energy, restore pulse and strengthen blood circulation. It is used for body deficiency, cold limbs, slight pulse, Qi without blood intake, metrorrhagia and blood leakage.
      [usage and setting]   3～9g， Decoct and serve separately.
      [note]   .
      ; Store in a cool and dry place, sealed and mothproof.


2、 Chemical constituents of red ginseng
This product containsGinsenoside Rg1(c42h72o14) andGinsenoside ReThe total amount of (c48h82o18) shall not be less than 0.20%.

3、 Pharmacological effects of red ginseng
1. red ginseng has an excitatory effect on the central nervous system, but it has an inhibitory effect in a large amount, and an inhibitory effect in a large amount.
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3. strengthen the body's resistance to harmful factors:
(1) It can prevent the chickens infected with Plasmodium from acute death, and the weight of the chickens also gradually increases.
(2) It can inhibit the fever reaction of experimental animals caused by injection of milk or vaccine.
(3) It can enhance the ability of human body to adapt to temperature changes.
(4) When a dog is in critical condition due to massive blood loss or asphyxia, the red ginseng preparation is injected immediately, which can make the blood pressure drop to a very low level rise steadily.
(5) It can prolong the survival time of mice infected with Trypanosoma.
(6) .
(7) Promote the healing of some experimental injuries.
(8) It has the effect of anti vitamin B1 and B2 deficiency.
(9) It can accelerate the healing of experimental corneal ulcer in rabbits.
(10) It can weaken the effect of some poisons (benzene, tetraethyl lead, trimethyl phenol phosphate, etc.) on the body.

; In addition to consciously improving symptoms, it also has a slight hypoglycemic effect on diabetic patients, and has a synergistic effect with insulin.
5. it can promote the gonadal function of animals. White mice eating a small amount of red ginseng can produce tail raising phenomenon.
6. at an appropriate dose, rabbits can also gain weight and increase the ratio of plasma albumin to globulin.
7. it can stimulate hematopoietic organs and improve anemia.
8. taking a small amount for a long time can make the reticuloendothelial system hyperactive; If the dose is too large, it will have the opposite effect.