1、 Pharmacopoeia standards       . Excavate in autumn during flowering and fruiting period, remove sediment and dry in the sun.
        . The stem is cylindrical, with a diameter of 0.2 ～ 0.5cm; the surface is yellowish green, gray brown or dark purple red, with prismatic lines, and the upper part is hairy; It is brittle, easy to break, and has fibrous cross-section, and it is hard to break. Single leaves alternate, mostly shrunk and broken, and the complete leaves are oval or lanceolate after flattening, 1-9cm long and 0.3-1.5cm wide; the apex is slightly pointed or blunt, entire or with irregular sparse serrations, and the base extends downward into a stalk. The head inflorescence is about 0.7cm in diameter, arranged in a raceme, with occasional yellow tongue shaped flowers remaining, more wrinkled and twisted, with 3-layer bracts and oval lanceolate shape. The achene is fine, and the crown hair is yellowish white. The smell is slightly fragrant, and the taste is slightly bitter and pungent.
        [identification] (1) leaf surface view: the upper epidermal cells are polygonal, and the hanging wall is slightly Rosary thickened. The wall of the lower epidermis is wavy and curved, and the stomata are irregular and slightly sunken. There are two types of non glandular hairs: epidermal non glandular hairs are composed of three cells with thin walls, and one cell at the top often atrophies into a rat tail, which is smaller; The leaf margin non glandular cilia are composed of 3-7 cells, with a slightly thicker wall and a length of 180-500 μ M.
        (2) Take 2G of this product powder, add 50ml of petroleum ether (60 ～ 90 ℃), sonicate for 30 minutes, cool, filter, discard the petroleum ether solution, volatilize the solvent from the drug residue, add 30ml of 70% ethanol, heat and reflux for 1 hour, cool, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 1ml of methanol to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. Take another 2G of the control medicinal material of Solidago decumbens and prepare the control medicinal material solution by the same method. . According to the test of thin layer chromatography (general rule 0502), suck 5-10 μ l of the test solution, 5 μ l of the control medicinal material solution and 5 μ l of the control solution, respectively, and dot them on the same silica gel G thin layer plate prepared with 4% disodium hydrogen phosphate solution. Use ethyl acetate methanol formic acid water (8:1:1:1) as the developing agent, develop, take out, air dry, spray 3% aluminum trichloride ethanol solution, air dry, and inspect under the ultraviolet light (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, fluorescent spots of the same color are displayed at the positions corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the chromatogram of the control sample; Spray 5% ferric trichloride ethanol solution again, and spots of the same color will appear in the chromatogram of the test sample at the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of the control medicinal material and the chromatogram of the control sample.
        [inspection] the moisture content shall not exceed 13.0% (the second method of general rule 0832).
        The total ash content shall not exceed 8.0% (general rule 2302).
        Acid insoluble ash content shall not exceed 4.0% (general rule 2302).
        [extract] according to the hot leaching method under the determination method of water-soluble extract (general rule 2201), it shall not be less than 17.0%.
        [content determination] determine according to HPLC (general rule 0512).
        Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test octadecylsilane bonded silica gel was used as filler; The mobile phase was acetonitrile methanol 0.4% acetic acid solution (16:8:76); .
        Preparation of reference solution take an appropriate amount of rutin reference, weigh accurately, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.1mg per 1ml.
        Preparation of test solution take about 2G of the powder (passing through No. 3 screen), accurately weigh it, place it in a corked conical flask, precisely add 50ml of 70% ethanol, weigh it, heat and reflux for 40 minutes, cool it, weigh it again, make up the lost weight with 70% ethanol, shake it well, filter it, and take the filtrate.
        The determination method is to precisely suck 10 μ l of the reference solution and 10 μ l of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
        This product is calculated as dry product, including no waterrutin(c27h30o16) shall not be less than 0.10%.
        Decoction pieces
        [processing] remove impurities, spray clean water, cut into sections, and dry.
        [nature, taste and meridian tropism] pungent, bitter and cool. Return to lung and liver channels.
        [functions and indications] clear away heat and detoxify, and evacuate wind heat. It is used for throat obstruction, milk moth, sore throat, sore furuncle, swollen toxin, wind heat and cold.
        [usage and dosage] 9 ～ 15g.
        [storage] put it in a dry place.

2、 Chemical composition
       The aerial part contains benzyl benzoate glycosides:LeiocarposideThe flower also contains benzyl benzoate, which is an active ingredient: 2-methoxybenzoyl-2,3,6-trime-thoxybenzoate, 2,6-dimethoxybenzoate, 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy benzyl-2,6-dimethoxybenzoate, benzyl-2-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzoate, the composition of the stem is similar to that of the flower. Besides benzyl 2,6-dimethoxybenzoate, 2,3,6-trimethoxybenzoate - (2-methoxybenzyl) ester and benzyl 2-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzoate, it also contains angelic acid cinnamate: 3,5-dimethoxy-4-acetoxycinnamate, 3-methoxy-4-acetoxycinnamate; Alkyne compounds: (2Z, 8Z) - decadiene-4,6-diynoate methyl ester [methl (2Z, 8Z) - decadi-en-4,6-diynoate], (2e, 8Z) - decadiene-4,6-diynoate methyl ester [methyl (2e, 8Z) -decaden-4,6-diynoate]; Sterols:Sitosterol。

3、 Pharmacological action
1. antibacterial effect Decoction (variety not identified) has different degrees of antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella Shu and Shigella sonnei in the test tube.
2. effect on experimental tracheitis in rabbits (formed by inhalation of ammonia vapor) the decoction can be taken orally, which has a therapeutic effect. The wheezing state is relieved, the wheezing sound disappears, and the dry rale is alleviated. Because it contains saponins, it still has expectorant effect.
. Oral administration is equally effective. It also has this effect on people. Long term storage failure.
4. other effects have hemostatic effect on acute (hemorrhagic) nephritis, which may be related to the flavonoids, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid contained in it. External use can cure trauma, which may be related to its volatile oil or tannin.